Kerala, the region located in the southwest corner of India with nearly 590 km of coastline on the Arabian Sea. With around 18 ports, the Vizhinjam International Seaport is one of the major ports of this region, truly a grand endeavour taken up by the Government of Kerala along with a private partner, Adani Vizhinjam Port Private Limited, using the landlord model. The port began its construction on 5th December 2015, and Phase 1 of the Vizhinjam International Seaport was inaugurated in May 2025, and it has been closely associated with considerable environmental consequences, including coastal erosion, community displacement, and marine ecosystem disruption.