A key focus of road safety research is understanding how the operational and geometric characteristics of roads, segments, and junctions relate to the frequency and severity of crashes. This relationship is formalised by the Safety Performance Function (SPF), which helps explain crash mechanisms and supports the design of targeted strategies to reduce crash frequency and severity. This thesis contributes to this effort by developing data-driven SPFs for the Piemonte region that account for traffic exposure and infrastructure factors. The analyses focused on rural highways and used data from three official sources: (1) the national crash dataset (2012–2022) provided by ISTAT, and (2–3) the BDTRE datasets of road segments and nodes supplied by Regione Piemonte.