Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer. Since it is often diagnosed at a late stage, many patients are ineligible for potentially curative treatments. Therefore, developing innovative therapeutic strategies for advanced disease is of great importance. In patients with intermediate- or advanced-stage HCC, trans-arterial embolization (TAE) is a common palliative treatment. It aims to selectively obstruct the hepatic arteries supplying the tumor through the administration of embolizing microparticles via catheterization. Among its variants, trans-arterial radioembolization and chemoembolization are the most widely used, combining local delivery of radio- or chemo-therapeutic agents. The procedure success depends on achieving a selective and homogeneous microparticles distribution within the tumor vasculature, sparing the healthy liver parenchyma.