Colorectal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancer (CC), pose a significant clinical challenge due to their prevalence and the limitations of current therapeutic approaches. Surgical interventions, although often necessary, are associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly due to postoperative complications such as infections, anastomotic leakage, and impaired wound healing. These complications not only hinder short-term recovery but also compromise long-term survival and the efficacy of adjuvant therapies. In this context, the development of advanced biomaterials for targeted drug delivery and tissue regeneration offers promising therapeutic potential. In particular, hydrogel-based scaffolds derived from natural polymers, such as gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA), are widely investigated for the regeneration of the colorectal mucosa.