Elisa Balboni
Enhancing Subcutaneous Islet Transplantation via a Defined Prevascularized Niche within a 3D Bioengineered Platform.
Rel. Valentina Alice Cauda, Alessandro Grattoni. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Ingegneria Biomedica, 2025
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease that in 2022 affected approximately 8.75 million individuals worldwide. T1D is characterized by the loss of pancreatic beta-cells responsible for producing insulin, a fundamental hormone that regulates blood glucose levels. Patients with T1D require lifelong insulin replacement through multiple daily insulin injections or insulin pump therapy. However, these therapies don’t fully restore glycemic control and don’t prevent T1D long-term complications such as neuropathy, retinopathy, kidney disease, stroke, macrovascular problems and foot damage. Pancreatic islet transplantation has emerged as a promising therapy; however, its clinical deployment via portal vein infusion triggers an immediate inflammatory response that hinders its curative potential.
The subcutaneous space offers a safer, more accessible alternative, but challenges including hypoxia-driven islet loss and the need for an abundance of cells to achieve efficacy remain, together with the need for systemic immunosuppression
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