Design and Testing of a Scalable Solar-Powered Desalination Prototype

Water scarcity remains a critical global challenge, especially in arid and remote regions where access to safe freshwater is severely limited. This thesis examines the design and performance evaluation of a scalable, solar-powered desalination prototype, developed to provide an energy-efficient and sustainable solution for freshwater production. The system features a modular structure, allowing for straightforward scaling and adaptation to several operating conditions. Systematic laboratory experiments were carried out using a data acquisition system. Each test run was characterized by three key parameters: the peristaltic pump velocity, which governs both the feed and permeate flow rates, and the feed/permeate inlet temperatures. Each set of parameters was tested three times to validate the results, followed by comprehensive post-processing to ensure accuracy. Regular maintenance, including monthly disassembly, cleaning, and membrane replacement, was performed to preserve system reliability and performance. The core objective of this research was to identify optimal operating parameters that would maximize productivity and efficiency. Experimental findings demonstrate the prototype’s ability to consistently produce high-quality freshwater output with minimal environmental impact. As such, this study highlights the potential of solar-powered desalination technologies to alleviate water scarcity in resource-constrained regions and contribute to more sustainable water management practices worldwide.