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Electrochemical nitrate reduction for green ammonia production: assessing the impact of real water composition for energy carrier applications.
Rel. Federico Bella, Sara Garcia Ballesteros. Politecnico di Torino, Master of science program in Energy And Nuclear Engineering, 2025
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Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) has historically been an indispensable chemical, mainly as fertilizer. Recently, it has gained attention as a carbon-free energy carrier. Global ammonia production is dominated by the Haber-Bosch process, which is energy-intensive and generates significant CO2 emissions. To keep global warming below 1.5 °C, as called for in the Paris Agreement, emissions need to be reduced by 45% by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050. As a result, developing a sustainable and efficient pathway for NH3 synthesis is urgent. On the other hand, nitrates pollution in water bodies is a growing global concern. Nitrogen is a crucial element for life, but the intensification of human activities in agriculture leads to water contamination and a decline in water quality.
When nitrate concentrations exceed a certain threshold, they can be harmful to human health
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