Microplastics (MPs) are defined as plastic particles with dimensions ranging between 1 µm and 5 mm, originating from a variety of sources located in the inland, seas and oceans, and air. Their release in the environment and the consequent pollution of soil, water, and the atmosphere can represent a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human health. When they are dispersed in air, their presence could even impact climate change, due to MPs property of interfering with the equilibrium of radiative forcing. Reducing their presence in the environment is by now clearly urgent, and it can be carried out through either removal or prevention methods, or a combination of both.