Produced water, a inevitable byproduct of oil and gas production, that contain complex mixture of contaminants, including hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM). Despite treatment measures, a significant portion of produced water is discharged into the environment, posing potential risks to human health and ecosystems. This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the long-term environmental effects of produced water on human health and ecosystems, focusing on potentially impact caused by Norms thought accumulation , bioaccumulation in food chains, direct , indirect ingestion by human/animals and potential environmental impacts. Through an in-depth review of existing literature, case studies, and environmental monitoring data, this study will elucidate the mechanisms through which produced water contamination affects ecosystems and human populations over time.