The launch of NASA’s Artemis Program stimulated the development of several technologies and mission projects concerning lunar exploration and its colonisation, supported by the numerous collaboration agreements signed by NASA with countries all around the world, including Italy. In this context, in 2020 from an idea of Gen. Roberto Vittori the LuNaDrone mission concept was launched at Politecnico di Torino as an academic project and then, in December 2022, Evolunar was founded to pursue the project and build the prototype of an autonomously guided lunar nano drone capable of flying above the lunar surface. This is what lies behind the subject presented in the Thesis.