In eukaryotic cell nuclei, the genome presents a complex hierarchical three-dimensional structure, established by the winding of long DNA molecules around specific proteins known as histones. These complexes, called nucleosomes, are the fundamental structural blocks of chromatin fibers. Changes in histone dynamics exert a critical impact on DNA structural features, thereby influencing chromatin folding and genome accessibility. In particular, the transcription of specific genes is regulated by structural changes that grant or deny access to genetic information, known as epigenetic modifications (EMs). Among these, post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs) refer to chemical alterations of residues in histone tails. Notably, changes in normal PTMs patterns might potentially trigger abnormal genome activities, commonly associated with several human diseases.