The goal of this Master of Science thesis entitled Preventive Analysis of Aerial Distribution Networks with Drones developed at Enel s.p.a in the Enel Grids Global area, is to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of drones using lidar and thermographic technology in the inspection of medium voltage overhead electrical networks. The thesis is divided into seven chapters, the firsts of which introduce the role of the distribution system operator (DSO) within the electrical distribution system and the regulatory requirements that must be met, the structure of the network and the types of both maintenance and inspections. Thereafter, the planned inspection of overhead medium-voltage lines, the acquisition of data using lidar technology, photos and thermography and the subsequent creation of a digital model of the network with the identification of anomalies are described in detail.