Water is an indispensable resource for human activities and agriculture. Its scarcity has severe consequences, including impacts on hygiene, sanitation, nutrition, and food security. Access to clean drinking water is a basic human right, yet it remains a challenge in many parts of the world. This calls for a paradigm shift in our approach to water management, which includes adopting a proactive approach that goes beyond our present needs and aims to safeguard the resource for the well-being of the environment and future generations. As numerous studies have already highlighted, all solutions towards better management begin with the same step: achieving a good quantitative knowledge, primarily through significant technological improvement.