In recent years, nanomedicine, an interdisciplinary field that combines nanotechnology and medicine, has revolutionized the field of medicine thanks to its innovative solutions for drug delivery, diagnostic analysis, medical treatment, and theranostics. Due to their specific properties derived from the nanoscale, nanoparticles are considered a promising agent to revolutionize healthcare. However, synthesizing nanoparticles with the right size and desired characteristics is still a great challenge. After a brief introduction to nanomedicine and nanoparticles as nanocarriers, this Master's Thesis provides an analysis of the synthesis and characterization of polymer-coated Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) to advance drug delivery applications in the field of cancer treatment.