Geothermal energy has gained increasing attention in recent years as a sustainable and renewable energy source that can be utilized for electricity generation, heating and cooling spaces, and various industrial uses. This heightened interest is due to its numerous advantages, including minimal environmental impact, consistent power output, low greenhouse gas emissions, and global availability. These factors collectively position geothermal energy as a significant contributor to global energy production in an eco-friendly manner. However, a significant challenge in geothermal exploration is the high initial investment required for drilling geothermal wells. To address this challenge, novel approaches involve repurposing abandoned petroleum wells for geothermal extraction employing open and closed-loop systems.