Heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, representing a heavy social and economic burden globally. Cardiac fibrosis is involved in nearly all chronic cardiac pathologies, which gradually lead to cardiac remodelling and consequent heart failure. In this scenario, the development of reliable in vitro models replicating the human myocardial tissue and environment is of fundamental importance for studying cardiac physiopathology, as well as for testing the efficacy and toxicity of new drugs. Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) aims to develop native-like cardiac tissues and one of the main points to achieve this is to provide adequate stimuli to undifferentiated cells.