Interplanetary exploration and, in particular, Mars exploration have, nowadays, gained interest in more and more technical and scientific research fields, from aerospace engineering to computer science and data science ones. Indeed, the latter can improve and complement the first, speeding up and making processes more efficient. This is now our science frontier and there is an evident need for this scientific and technical field to penetrate each other and work together. This Master Thesis work fits perfectly into this context, as a matter of fact our aim is to enhance Mars exploration and navigation, processing satellite data and images with Deep Learning algorithms with an ultimate goal of tenfold the Martian rovers traveling speed.