Proton radiotherapy represents one of the most advanced methods for treating treat- ment of cancer patients. Treatment with proton beams is a strategy therapy that is receiving considerable interest in the clinical field and in research. The most in- novative aspect of proton therapy is the ability to deposit the energy of ionizing radiation in a highly precise and finite way. This advantage, compared with other types of external radiation therapy, is due to the very nature of proton transport in matter. The protons release the greatest amount of energy at the end of their path through the matter. By adjusting the energy of the beam, it is therefore possible to target the tumor mass, significantly limiting the amount of the dose deposited in healthy tissues.