The principal topic of this internship has been the investigation of the reliability of 2D numerical simulations in predicting the flowfield for airfoils with a strong aft-camber. Recently, a wind tunnel test campaign was carried out by Airbus for supercritical airfoils at different transonic conditions. The results of this campaign were analysed at ONERA and a large inconsistency between numerical and experimental results was found. Following the previous analyses, this internship aimed at quantifying this inconsistency between CFD (Computational Fluid-Dynamics) and experimental data, to propose an approach that could improve numerical predictions, by assimilating the constants of the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model, and, finally, to analyse the effects of the assimilated constants on the boundary layer properties.