Commercial air transport has always been focused on performance, profitability and efficiency. However, the way these terms have been conceived has changed through commercial air transport history. Profitability has always been pivotal to the success of any commercial activity. Through its history, commercial aviation has gone through several crises. However, COVID-19 outbreak has posed new challenges. Lower traffic volumes and passenger demand have forced air transport operators to reorganize themselves and their activities. The full impact of the pandemic on commercial air transport is yet to be thoroughly assessed. Performance and efficiency have been pursued and implemented in different ways. The last years have seen environmental concerns come up in many countries, with public opinion more concerned about environmental impact of human activities.