Nowadays, the technological impact is becoming more and more significant, playing an essential role in the diagnosis and the treatment of human diseases. An innovative solution is the emerging concept of “Smart Dust”, introduced for the first time at the UC Berkeley. Smart Dust research investigates the feasibility of future real-time diagnostic and therapy medicine. The two challenging branches are “Body Dust” and “Neural Dust”. Body Dust research aims at a new concept of shrinkable and drinkable electronics which can flow through the human blood for real-time monitoring. Neural Dust aims at a new generation of safely powered devices, micron-sized and freely distributed in the human brain, targeting and treating mental disorders and neuropathologies.