In this land of contrasts, the populations grew, around the rocky mountains, along the white beaches, the blue creeks and in the green oasis. The human habitat has also changed along the years, from the desert huts, to the smali villages on the coast, to the recent artificial islands filled with the highest skyscraper.

This rebirth of the gulf countries has always attracted my attention, from research, books, magazine articies, beautiful images and drawings, each one bringing out a bit of the curiosity in me. it seems as if everything I had dreamed of was becoming real, there were no more limits to human creativity.

The gulf has evolved teiling a thousand and one stories about its past. Stories whose influence we can stili see. It's not just a picture of modernity, technological advances and a powerful economy created by an abundant amount of oil. It's an evolution, a

process to create a city as precious as the Arabian Pearl.

The work is focused on the study of the main neighborhoods of Dubai and its history, along with the analysis of the city development in its main generai areas (such as economic and social development and infrastructure), outiining the vulnerabiiities and trying to portrait the Dubai that has been missed amid the giamorous architectural projects and travelers brochures .

The basic information to understand how it ali begun, the presentation of the United Arab Emirates as it is today and how it was before de oil boom and how the influence of the Islam and the Arab city is crucial to understanding the old Dubai. At the end, hope this study creates and answers some questions and critics to this new mode) of development.

2.2. International Relations and Disputes

2.3. Demography

2.4. Economy

2.5. Education

2.6. Human Rights

3. The Influence of the Islam

3.1. Introduction

3.2. The Islamic Laws: The Shari'ah, Sunnah, Fiqh arid Hadith

3.3. Principles and Behavior Guidelines

3.4. The Shari'ah Laws' Influence on Architecture

3.4.1. The Streets

3.4.2. Visual corridors created by doors, windows and other openings

3.5. The Arab City

4. The United Arab

Emirates until the 1970s

4.1. The House

4.2. The Mosque

4.3.TheFort

4.4. Settling the Bedouin

5. Dubai

5.1. History

5.2. Dubai in the 1970s

5.3. Neighborhoods

5.3.1. The Creek

5.3.1.1. The 6th Crossing

5.3.1.2. The Lagoons

5.3.2. Bur Dubai - The Bastakiya

5.3.3. Bur Dubai - The Port Rashid and the Dubai Maritime City

5.3.4. Deira

5.3.4.1. Port Saeed

5.3.4.2. The Palm Deira

5.3.5. Jumeirah

5.3.5.1. Madinat Jumeirah

5.3.5.2. Dubai Marina

5.3.5.3. Burj AI Arab

5.3.5.4. The Palm Jumeirah

5.3.5.5. The World

5.3.5.6. The Universe

5.3.5.7. The Sheikh Zayed Road and the Burj Dubai 111

5.3.6. Jebel Ali

5.3.6.1.ThePalmJebelAli

5.3.6.2. Dubai Waterfront

6. Analyzing Dubai's Development

6.1. Economic Development

6.2. Social Development

6.2.1. National Identity and Social Cohesion

6.2.2. Nationals' Participation in Social and Economic Activities

6.2.3. Quality and Availability of Education

6.2.4. Quality and Availability of Healthcare

6.2.5. Quality and Availability of Social Assistance Services

6.2.6. Workíng Environment Conditions

6.2.6.1. Immigration and the Labor Force Problems

6.2.7. Culture - Enrich the Cultura) Environment

6.3. Infrastructure, Land and Environment

6.3.1. Emaar

6.3.2. Nakheel

7. Critics to the New Dubai

7.1. Urban Development Critics

7.2. Religious, Cultura and Identity Debates

8. Conclusion

9. Bibliography

10. Riassunto in Italiano

Fernanda Camargo-Moro, Dubai e os Emirados ' Mar das Pérolas, Editora Record, Rio de Janeiro 2008.

Dawn Chatty, From Carne! to Truck - The Bedouin in the Modem World, Vantage Press, New York 1986.

Fahid H. Dakhil, Housing Problems in Developing Countries - Volume 1 - New Environment and lslamic Society, University of petroleum and Minerals Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 1978.

John Esposito, Islam: The Straight Path, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1988.

Richard Ettínghausen, Art and Architecture of Islam 650-1250 - The Abbasid Tradition: 750-950, Yale UP, New Haven 1987.

Besim Hakim, Arabic and lslamfc Cities - Selected Sayíngs of the Prophet, New York 1986

Besim Hakim, Arabic and Islamic cities - Overlooking, New York, 1986

Besim Hakim, Arabic- Islamic Cities: Building and Planning Principles, London 1986.

D.Hawley, The Trucial States, Irvington Pub, London 1971.

John Hoag, Abbasid Architecture, Rizzoli, NY 1987.

Jacob Lassner, The Topography of Baghdad in the Early Middle Ages, Wayne State University Press, Detroit 1970.

E. Mallakh, The Economic Development of the United Arab Emirates, 1981.

M. Peck, The United Arab Emirates, 1986.

A.Taryam, The Establishment of the United Arab Emirates, 1987.

Michael Tomkinson, The United Arab Emirates, an Insight and a Guide, Hammamet and London, London 1975.

Richard Shofleld, Unfinished Business: Iran, the Uae, Abu Musa and the Tunbs Royal Institute of International Affairs, London 2003.

Garry Jacobs and N. Asokan, Towards a Comprehensive Theory of Social Development, World Academy of Art & Science, USA 1999

International Commission on Peace and Food, Uncommon Opportunities: An Agenda for Peace and Equitable Development, Zed Books, UK 1994.

James Ferguson, Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order, Duke University Press, 2006.

Magazines and Newspapers:

Amran Abocar, Old Dubai clings to lite as new city rises, in «Reuters», May 28`h 2008.

John Arlidge, Dubai's building frenzy lays foundation for global power, in «Sunday Times» May 21 st 2006.

Neil R. Bingham, Dubai, Shanghai, in « Blueprint (London, England)» Number 256, July 2007.

Kenneth Browne, The United Arab Emirates, in «Architectural Review» Volume 161, Issue 694, June 1977.

Chris Bosse, The injection of building culture into the construction boom: new architecture in Dubai, in «A + U: architecture and urbanism» Number 5 (440), May 2007.

Sherban Cantacuzino, and Kenneth Browne, The United Arab Emirates, in «Architectural Review» Volume 161, Issue 694, June 1977.

Donald P. Cole, Where have the Bedouin pone?, in «Anthropological QuarterlyWashington» Volume 76, Issue 2, Spring 2003.

John E Czarnecki, SOM designs world's tallest tower for Dubai, in « Architectural record» Volume 191, Number 7, July 2003.

Mike Davis, Fear and Money in Dubai, in «Topos: the international review of landscape architecture and urban design» Issue 58, 2007.

Mike Davis, Does the road to the future end at Dubai?, in « Log» Number 6, Fall 2005.

Christopher Dickey, Dubai's Last Hurray, in «Newsweek Magazine» December 15`h 2008.

Keller Easterling, With satellites: Dubai + India, in « Architectural design» Volume 75, number 6, November 2005.

Hassan M. Fatah, Beyond Skimpy Skirts, a Rare Debate on Identity, in «New York Times» October 19 2006.

Hassan M. Fatah, In Dubai, an outcry from Asians for workplace rights, in «New York Times» March 26th 2006.

Besim Hakin, Revitalizing Traditional Tows and Heritage Districts, in «International Journal of Architectural Research» Volume 1, Issue 3, November 2007.

Besim Hakin, The urf and its role in diversifying the architecture of traditional Islamic cities, in «Journal of Architectural and Planning Research» Volume 11:2, 1994.

Besim Hakin, Generative processes for revitalizing historic tows or heritage districts. From the website www.intbau.org

Dan Halpern, Arabian heights [Burj Dubai], in « Architect (Washington, D.C.) > Volume 96, number 6, May 2007.

Peter Jackson, Bastakia v,ind-tower houses, in « Architectural review» Volume 158, July 1975.

Ahmed Kanna. Dispatch from the subdivision archipelago, in «Harvard Design Magazine» Fall 2006/ Winter 2007.

Jan Carlos Kucharek, Some like it hot [SOM's Burj Dubai, U.A.E.], in « RIBA journal» Volume 114, number 3, March 2007.

Sam Lubell, In a desert city, a skyline grows ever higher, in «Architecturai record» Volume 196, number 8, August 2008.

Rodolfo Machado, Dubai ... is not yet, in « Harvard design magazine»Number 25, Fall 2006.

Edward McBride, Burj al Arab [Dubai, UAE], in «Architecture» Volume 89, Issue 8, August 2000.

Josephine Minutillo, FXFOWLE designs world's longest arch bridge, in « Architectural record» Volume 196, Number 8, August 2008.

Ron Nyren, Gulf growth: as development in the Arabian Gulf continues to bloom, both the public and private sectors are seeking ways to counteract the inevitable growing pains, in « Urban land» Volume 66, number 10, October 2007. Nicolai Ouroussoff, The New, New City, in «New York Times»June 8th 2008.

Caroline Roux, Interview: Sheikh Majed AI-Sabah, in « Blueprint (London, England)» Number 256, July 2007.

Michael Slackman, Young and Arab in land of Mosques and Bars, in «New York Times» September 22nd 2008.

Staff Reporter, Port Rashid will take up a new role, in «Gulf News» January 10th 2008.

Staff Reporter, Dubai to take on the Universe - Nakheel will develop Solar System Islands, in «Dubai Expat Diaries», January 2151 2008.

Staff Reporter, Dubai: Nakheel - Masterplanners of The Universe, in «Dubai News Online» January 23`d 2008.

Staff Reporter, Dubai unveils new Strategic Plan, in «Arab News» February 4`h 2007.

Staff Reporter, Dubai's future vision unveiled, in «Khaleej Times» February 4`h 2007.

Staff Reporter, Zaha Hadid designs three highrise towers in Dubai, in « A + U: architecture and urbanism» Number 10 (433), October 2006.

Staff Reporter, Dubai serves as a diversification model, in «Washington Post» February 4`h 2007.

Staff Reporter, More icons for Dubai, in « Urban land» Volume 67, number 4, Aprii 2008.

Sam Wollaston, Megastructures: The World's Tallest Hotel, in «The Guardian» July 10th 2007.

Websites:

www.sheikhmohammed.ae - Sheikh Mohammed's Webpage

www.ecomist.com - The Economìst magazine

ixpats.com/dubai-expats - Dubai Expats Diaries

www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/fs/2005/50940.htm - The US Ministry of Defense

www.uea.ae - Government of Dubai

www.uaeprison.com/cameikids.htm - Government of Dubai

www.jafza.ae - Jebel Ali Free zone

www.dubaifags.com - Government of Dubai

www.dubaimaritimecity.com - Dubai Maritime City

www.dpworld.ae - DP World

www.usc.edu/dept/MSA/guran/014.gmt.html#014.001 - University of Southern California, Translations of the Qu'ran.

www.nakheel.com - Nakheel

www.emaar.com - Emaar

www.tomwrightdesign.com

www.atkinsdesign.com

www.buridubai.com

www.tanmia.ae

www.emiratisation.org/

www.dhcc.ae - The Dubai Healthcare City

www.rta.ae

www.alabbar.info

www.dubaided.gov.ae/main

www.emcredit.com

www.saadiyat.ae

www.artsiournal.com

www.nationalgeographic.com

www.therovalforums.com

http://faculty.maxwell.svr.edu/qaddis/HST354/Apr24/Default.htm - Pictures

www.alamuae.comal-maktoumshowtopics-184.html - Pictures of Old Dubai