Inter/transdisciplinary (ITD) approaches are key to cope with current societal problems, characterized by increasing volatility, complexity and uncertainty. However, such ITD strategies are difficult to be implemented in current research design, for the bureaucracy and the rigid structure of the academic community and the silos, competitive culture inside research centers. The present thesis seeks to enlarge the understanding about how to implement ITD approaches in research centers focusing on urban sustainability, how they can measure their ITD performance, their cooperation strategies, and what are the challenges associated with ITD. To this aim, a sample of 23 ITD research centers, mostly located in Europe, was selected and studied through the information available on their websites (n.