Enormous efforts have been made, and still are ongoing, in the field of the research on nanomedicine over the last few decades. Among the many biomedical applications for nanotechnologies, drug delivery systems based on lipid or polymer nanoparticles have shown a promising potential, as alternative to the typical techniques, for the treatment of a wide range of tumoral and respiratory diseases. In this context, South Korea turned out to be one of the most active countries. A research group composed by biologists, chemicals and nanotechnologists, located in the Yonsei University medical research department of Wonju, had been committed on the development and improvement of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of micro-sized polymeric particles as carriers for the transport and delivery of lung-targeted drugs.