The aim of this text is to offer a general description of the current state of industry and its relaunch after the difficult years of the global crisis that had profoundly debunked it in all sectors. A great help for the revival is undoubtedly due to the technological renewal that in recent years has produced significant changes. One of these is certainly the birth of the paradigm called Industry 4.0, whose characteristics, as well as the advantages and obstacles to its development are carefully described in the various chapters of the text. Even in Italy something is happening. Top management understands the importance of embarking on a real digital revolution, and the first 4.0 industries are beginning to emerge, not only in the service sector, but also in purely productive sectors, such as metallurgy.