The automotive industry is going to change more in the next ten years than in the last century. Developments taking place in Artificial Intelligence, IoT, self-driving technologies, Big Data, alternative powertrains, new regulations, car-sharing and ride-hailing services are going to drive the change. In this thesis we are going to focus on one of these aspects, the new regulations, and try to understand the legal framework that, in the following years, will condition EU OEMs to reduce the CO2 emissions of their light-duty vehicles – cars and vans – in order to contribute to the achievement of the EU’s commitments under the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, since nowadays they represent around 15% of the total emissions of carbon dioxide – the main greenhouse gas.