The present work includes four parts, chapter one give us a broader picture of Peru, its main characteristics, and figures. Chapter two shows the precarious situation in which the previous governments, particularly the one of Alan Garcia, former President, had left the country during its first period (1985 - 1990) added to other factors that affected the economy such as the upsurge of terrorism, an out of control inflation, increasing external debt, foreign exchange deficit, among others turned to Peru in one of the countries with highest poverty rates in the region. The third part covers all the implementation process. This series of reforms elaborated by John Williamson in the “Washington Consensus”, envisioned by the World Bank, the IMF and US Treasury Department.