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Design practices in Dharavi : redefinition on the role of the architect in the user-generated city

Ernesto Fava

Design practices in Dharavi : redefinition on the role of the architect in the user-generated city.

Rel. Mauro Berta, Valeria Federighi. Politecnico di Torino, Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Costruzione Città, 2016

Questa è la versione più aggiornata di questo documento.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION

The consequences of the quick and uncontrolled Urbanization of the XX century which leaded the Third World developing Countries to an exponential increase of informal settlements will constitute a huge challenge of the Current and future architects' agenda. The 2016 Venice Biennale represents the first trial to extend the role of these professionists to the social and economic field, according to the urgencies which this informal growth highlights.

The role of the architect has to be redefined in front of these transformations, but how?

My research starts from an extended critical review of the actions which have anciticipated this exhibition, trying to define some strategies which could be useful for future designs in these areas. The second step consists in the analyze of the specific context of Dharavi, a slum area which is located in the city of Mumbai, close to the recently built Kurla financial Complex. After two month of direct experience on the field, and thanks to the co-operation with the Urbz office, which supports this homegrown neighbourhood through social and architectural inclusive actions, I've recollected important datas about this scenario, supported by a retrospective analysis of the previous academic work. Through the review of specific co-operations between Urbz and different studios and researchers acting inside this specific user-generated neighbourhood, I’ve been able to retrieve common points between ternationally recognized actions and more specific strategies, in order to understand how efficiently the first ones can adapt in a specific environment. Dharavi is a place of fragile connections, from the socio-economic networks which define it to I political pressure of authorities which aim to speculate on its land.

These conditions are furl mental to discover that the new architect has to understand, before producing every kind of design, the specific issues of the field where he is acting, and the connection he needs to establish with the site has to be the most direct as possible. The co-operation with local actors, such as the contractors and the artisans of Dharavi, represents the final step of a process which aims to respond to that simple how: together with the Urbz team, I've defined a co-operative procedure wich allowed us to produce new models and designs for the most common urban typology which emerges from this context, the tool-house.
Relatori: Mauro Berta, Valeria Federighi
Tipo di pubblicazione: A stampa
Soggetti: D Disegno industriale e arti applicate > DG Design
U Urbanistica > UK Pianificazione urbana
Corso di laurea: Corso di laurea magistrale in Architettura Costruzione Città
Classe di laurea: Nuovo ordinamento > Laurea magistrale > LM-04 - ARCHITETTURA E INGEGNERIA EDILE-ARCHITETTURA
Aziende collaboratrici: URBZ User-Generated Cities - Mumbai (India), URBZ User-Generated Cities - Mumbai (India), URBZ User-Generated Cities - Mumbai (India)
URI: http://webthesis.biblio.polito.it/id/eprint/4991
Capitoli:

SUMMARY

1.THE INFORMAL CITY GROWTH

1.1.INTRODUCTION

1.2.THE INFORMAL CITY GROWTH

1.2.1.Context

1.3.THE INFORMAL DEBATE

Introduction

1.3.1.Actors: Urban Think Tank

1.3.2.Vertical Gym in Chacao

1.3.3.San Augustin Metro Cable

1.3.4.Empower Shack in Khayelitsha

1.3.5.Actors : Nlé Arch itects

1.3.6.Floating school in Makoko village, Lagos

1.3.7.Chicoco Radio Station,Port Harcourt

1.3.8.Floating school prototype II, Venice Biennale exhibition

1.3.9.The reference with Versova Beach, Mumbai

1.3.10.Fishing plaftorms prototype, Versova Koliwada

1.3.11.Rahul Merhotra and the Ephemeral Urbanism

1.3.12. Kumbh Mela bathing festival, Allahabad,2013

1.3.13.Alejandro Aravena and the reports from the front

1.3.14.Quinta Monroy Social Housing, Iquique, Chile

1.3.15.Villa Verde housing complex, Costitucion, Chile

1.3.16.Quinta Monroy extension examples,Iquique,Chile

1.3.17 URBZ, User generated cities

1.4.STRATEGIES

2.THE CONTEXT OF DHRAVI

2.2.MUMBAI

Impressions

2.2.1.History

2.2.2.The informal city growth

2.3.DHARAVI

The redevelopment schemes

2.3.1.Impressions

2.3.2.Morphology of the socio-economic fabric

2.3.3.Roads

2.3.4.The tool-house

2.4.DHARAVI'S INDUSTRY

Pottery

2.4.1.Recycling

2.4.2.Extended clustering

2.5.REVIEW

3.RESEARCH

3.1.INTRODUCTION

3.2.WHAT IS URBZ

3.3.VARIABLES OF THE DESIGN PROCEDURE

3.4.STRATEGIES

3.5.THE LOCAL INTERVENTION

3.5.1.A house in New Transit Camp

3.5.1.1.Construction timeline

3.5.1.2.The design action

3.5.1.3.The process

3.5.2.A socio-economic device in New Transit Camp

3.5.2.1.Phases

3.5.2.2.New Transit social club today

3.5.2.3.The design action

3.5.2.4.Field of action

3.5.2.5.The process

3.6.UPGRADING FRAMEWORK

3.6.1.Incremental growth in New Transit Camp

3.6.1.1.Phases

3.6.1.2.The design action

3.6.1.3.The reference with the utopian megastructure

3.6.1.4.The field of action

3.6.1.5.The process

3.6.2.Reclaiming growth in New Transit Camp and Subhash Nagar

3.6.2.1.Tools and devices

3.6.2.2.Phases

3.6.2.3.The design action

3.6.2.4.The field of action

3.6.2.5.The process

3.6.3.Urban devices for Dharavi, the infra-free texture

3.6.3.1.Water tank

3.6.3.1.1.Free volumes

3.6.3.1.2.Catchment roofs

3.6.3.1.3.Catchment surface areas

3.6.3.2.Water tower

3.6.3.2.1.Reference

3.6.3.3.Wild nature garden

3.6.3.4.Orchards

3.6.3.5.The Urban prototype

3.6.3.6.The design action

3.6.3.7.The field of action

3.6.3.8.The process

3.7.SITE AND SERVICE

3.7.1.Phases

3.7.2.The design action

3.7.3.The field of action

3.7.4.The process

3.8.TOP DOWN PLANNING

3.8.1.Technology

3.8.2.Urban scale empowerments

3.8.3.Architectural scale design

3.8.4.The court

3.8.5.The tower

3.8.6.The design action

3.8.7.The field of action

3.8.8.The process

3.9.RESULTS

4.DESIGN PRACTICES IN DHARAVI

4.1.INTRODUCTION

4.2.FOCUS ON: THE LOCAL CONTRACTOR

4.3.THE MEDIATOR ARCHITECT

4.4.STRATEGY

4.5.CASE STUDY I

Design

4.5.1.The model

4.5.2.Graphic rielaboration

4.6.CASE STUDY II

Design

4.6.1.The model

4.6.2.Graphic rielaboration

4.7.BRAINSTORMING

4.8.THE PRESENTATION AT THE CHARLES CORREA FOUNDATION

4.9.THE GLASS MODEL

Development

4.9.1.Results

4.10.THE CLAY MODEL

Development

4.10.1.Results

4.11.THE DESIGN PROCEDURE

Results

CONCLUSION
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