Modular Avionics for Habitable Modules - Development of a Functional Demonstrator

The increasing utilization of pressurized modules in the space exploration domain has exposed the limitations of traditional avionic architectures. These legacy systems, typically found in satellites, are structured around monolithic units like the On-Board Computer (OBC) and Remote Terminal Unit (RTU), which bundle a predefined, fixed set of functionalities. This "one box per function" design results in significant inefficiencies in mass, power, and volume. More critically, these architectures lack flexibility. They are highly susceptible to late-stage modifications, which often lead to major cost overruns and schedule delays. As habitable modules require high data rate networks, in-flight reparability, and compliance with strict crew safety standards like CBCS, a more adaptable and scalable solution is necessary. This thesis addresses these challenges by analyzing and implementing a complete demonstrator for an Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) architecture. This approach fundamentally decentralizes the functions of the OBC and RTU, decomposing them into smaller, standardized modules that can be integrated as needed. The developed architecture is built upon a high-data-rate, two-failure tolerant Time-Triggered Ethernet (TTE) network. Its key building blocks include: standardized Crates with a common mechanical design; high-performance NODE modules providing local command, control, and processing capabilities; and various Functional modules (e.g., I/O, DC/DC converters) that perform specific tasks. The resulting demonstrator provides a highly adaptable and scalable framework. By distributing processing across the module, crate, and system levels, the architecture enhances fault tolerance and reduces the processing load on the central computer. This work validates the modular concept as a robust solution that mitigates the risks of late modifications, simplifies harness routing, and supports the in-flight replacement of Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs). It offers a clear path toward more resilient, cost-effective, and flexible avionic systems for future crewed space exploration missions.