Quantum computing for competitive advantage: a strategic framework for industrial adoption in Europe

Emerging as a revolutionary technology, quantum computing has the potential to completely change simulation, optimization, and computation in a variety of sectors. Despite tremendous scientific advancements, hardware immaturity, ecosystem fragmentation, and ambiguous business models continue to hinder industrial adoption. Through an emphasis on Europe, this thesis explores the potential for quantum technologies to progress from research to industrial use. In order to identify obstacles, opportunities, and readiness conditions, it combines desk research, comparative policy analysis, and expert interviews with representatives from corporations, research institutions, and startups. The study presents the Quantum Adoption Pathway (QAP), a novel framework that combines knowledge from adoption and innovation theories to create a useful organizational roadmap. The QAP, which is divided into five stages: exploration, proof of concept, integration, scaling, and leadership and ecosystem shaping, connects organizational capabilities, strategic alignment, and technological maturity. The results indicate that early engagement and capability building are crucial for Europe to stay competitive, even though quantum computing is still not at a high readiness level. The thesis comes to the conclusion that in order to turn Europe's scientific prowess into industrial leadership in the quantum era, coordinated policies, interoperability, and talent development will be essential.