This thesis investigates the evolution, transformation and transference of “urban identity” within these settlements from their origins to current conditions. Examining how different urban elements are fixed and contested, and their relevancies in these sites and their urban fabric today. Through a comparative analysis of the Lagos Lagoon (Lagos, Nigeria) and Yangtze River waterfront (Nanjing, China), this research utilises urban morphology analysis—specifically analyzing architectural typologies, settlement patterns, and spatial organization—to interpret the socio-cultural, political, and physical dimensions that shape these urban typologies. Taking the settlements around Lagos Lagoon and the Yangtze River as primary case studies, this research brings attention to the complexities that have contributed to the urbanization trends and models in each city.