SUSTAINABLE WATER DISTRIBUTION APPROACHES FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Urbanization and population growth are accelerating across the globe, putting immense strain on water distribution systems, especially in densely populated urban areas and high-rise residential buildings. This thesis responds to the critical need for more sustainable and efficient water management solutions by investigating advanced technologies and system designs that optimize water distribution. Specifically, it focuses on the integration of autoclave systems, pump technologies, and renewable water resources to ensure consistent water supply across multiple floors, even when municipal water pressure is insufficient. The core of this research lies in developing a holistic approach to water distribution in residential buildings, using a detailed case study of a six-story structure. Water demand and distribution issues, particularly the challenges posed by insufficient pressure on upper floors, are meticulously analyzed. The research includes calculations of hot and cold water requirements, the necessary flow rates, pressure losses, and the sizing of key system components like pipes and pumps. Advanced technologies such as variable-speed pumps and autoclave systems are thoroughly examined for their energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and long-term sustainability, providing a strong comparison between traditional fixed-speed systems and their variable-speed counterparts. A significant aspect of this study is the role of autoclave systems combined with variable-speed pumps in improving water management. Autoclave systems, which utilize pressure tanks to store water and distribute it efficiently, are shown to dramatically reduce the need for continuous pump operation. This results in notable energy savings and extended pump lifespans. Variable-speed pumps, which adjust their motor speed based on real-time demand, are highlighted for their ability to further enhance energy efficiency and minimize operational costs. Together, these technologies offer a highly effective solution for stabilizing water pressure, reducing energy consumption, and optimizing system performance. This thesis is closely aligned with the global push for sustainability and contributes directly to several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It specifically addresses SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) by promoting the efficient use of water resources, SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) through the implementation of energy-efficient pump technologies, and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) by fostering resilient urban infrastructure. In conclusion, this research presents a comprehensive strategy for improving water distribution in high-rise residential buildings. By combining energy-efficient technologies like variable-speed pumps and autoclave systems, the study provides valuable insights for architects, engineers, and policymakers. These innovations represent a significant step toward creating more sustainable, resilient urban water systems, contributing to the broader goal of a more environmentally responsible future.