Polymeric photovoltaic panels: mechanical resistance through optimized materials selection

This thesis explores the mechanical resilience of polymeric photovoltaic (PV) panels, specifically designed for flexible and lightweight applications where conventional glass-based PV panels are unsuitable. Polymer-based panels provide versatility and reduced weight but face challenges in enduring mechanical stresses, especially impact resistance to conditions like hailstorms. The purpose of this thesis is to better understand how Bills of Materials (BoMs) influence the impact resistance of the panel. To evaluate impact resistance, has been adapted the Ball Drop Test (BDT) taking into account the standardized hail impact test (IEC-61215). Various BoMs, comprising different encapsulant types and layer structures, has been tested. Impact resistance thresholds were established in alignment with real-world conditions. The study reveals that textured surface finishes can effectively distribute impact energy, thereby enhancing the initial resistance to fractures. Moreover backsheet compositions contributed significantly to the impact tolerance of these panels. Electroluminescent (EL) imaging further enabled analysis of crack propagation, elucidating distinct fracture patterns based on material choices. The results contribute to the field of sustainable energy by guiding the development of more resilient PV technologies, thus supporting their broader integration in various settings.