Integration of AC support for electric vehicle charging, based on the implementation of ISO15118-2.

The goal of the thesis, developed during an internship at Bitron S.p.A.’s Energy R&D department, is to make the ePro Wallbox compliant with the ISO15118 standard, by integrating the AC support for the PLC interfaces. The ePro Wallbox is a Bitron product developed for Free2Move as a solution for low-power charging devices for electric vehicles. It can deliver a maximum power of up to 22kW in three-phase and 7,4 kW in single-phase, which makes it suitable for domestic use. To keep up with evolving market demands, the ISO15118 standard is a "plus". Data authenticity and integrity are guaranteed, features that its previous version, DIN 70121, does not provide; moreover, it supports the Plug&Charge security system and Transport Layer Security (TLS), which ensures the security of communications. With reference to the ISO/OSI network protocol, this standard defines the fundamental specifications for the communication between an electric vehicle (EV) and a charging system (EVSE). To establish data exchange, the use of PowerLine Communication, or PLC, is necessary. The Qualcomm QCA7000 chip and SoM, System on Module, are essential for the purpose. The first is a modem provided by Qualcomm that complies with the HomePlug GreenPHY protocol, which makes it possible to achieve the communication establishment (SLAC), while the latter is a system on chip that mount a microprocessor and microcontroller that both allow to exchange data and coordinate the WallBox's state machine (FSM). The initial phase is a configuration procedure: it consists of analyzing the power spectrum, calibrating it, and then normalizing it to roughly -35dBm, as the norm requires. The development continues with the implementation of AC support for the PLC Handler which is a service that aims to establish a high-level interface between the wallbox and the PLC module. Data exchange occurs via DBus, which is a high-level communication bus system responsible for interaction between processes in a Linux environment. To manage the low-level connection between EV and EVSE, an external library called YaCCS, created by Trialog, has been integrated. The final step consists of the integration of the FSMs of the PLC Handler and Wallbox. The results of this work have been achieved by using a Trialog simulator that emulates the vehicle during the charging phases. The results show a correct association between EV and EVSE demonstrated by the exchange of SLAC messages, and the verification of the data exchange between the PLC module and the wallbox is proven through program testing. The integration of the initial states of the PLC's FSM with the already existing states of the wallbox worked properly.