VERIFICA DELLE ESIGENZE DELLA MOBILITÀ ELETTRICA NELL'AREA METROPOLITANA DI TORINO = Needs analysis of electric mobility in Turin metropolitan area

A common change, witnessed almost daily, affects the way people “perceive” and “experience” the City and its suburban areas. The ongoing process of the mobility change and the spread of new transport systems are the two main trends that affect everyday life of transport planners. These trends are juxtaposed with the need to reduce the social and the environmental impacts, such as congestion and pollution, in order to increase safety and air quality. Studies have demonstrated that electric mobility reduces significantly the atmospheric emissions linked to the automotive sector (PM10, PM 2.5, oxides of nitrogen NOx). Moreover, electric mobility reduces the energy consumption - especially fossil-fuel - in the transport sector, and it provides significant advantages over noise pollution and over the quality of the urban landscape. Therefore, automotive manufacturers all over the world are investing heavily in Electric Vehicles (EV) design and manufacturing. The goal of this thesis is to analyse the traffic flow patterns related to the Turin Metropolitan Area Floating Car Data (FCD) to better understand city users’ behaviours and to accommodate the development of the electric mobility. More specifically, a large amount of movement data was processed in order to reconstruct trajectories and extract the starting and ending points of the trips. Analysing the data, it was possible to construct Origin-destination matrices in Turin Metropolitan Area. The one-month FCD in Turin - and its metropolitan area – was used as test dataset. Studying and understanding how people move daily may allow to locate new hubs for electric vehicles in which people might recharge their vehicles. Moreover, a study about the estimation of the diffusion of the Electric Vehicles (EVs) in Turin was conducted according to the Bass model for forecasts. This forecast was then used to set a year in which determine the potential power distribution needed in all the zones of the study area to accommodate the future electric demand. Since the subscription of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, European Union (EU) and its Member States have been involved in a process aimed to the climate change through the adoption of International and National policies to decarbonise the economy. In 2015, this process was confirmed during the XXI Conference of Parties (COP) held in Paris, where a global agreement on the reduction of climate change was negotiated. According to the organizing committee at the outset of the talks, the expected key result was an agreement to set a goal of limiting global warning below 2 °C compared to pre-industrial levels. The agreement calls for zero net anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions to be reached during the second half of the 21st century. The Parties will also pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1,5 °C. Italy signed up the agreement on 22nd April 2016. The agreement was approved by 184 out of 197 Parties. Italy is deeply engaged in sustainability concerns. Therefore, many efforts are occurring to improve environmental sustainability, safety and accessibility of energy costs. The scope is to acquire tools aimed to identify objectives, policies and measures consistent with the European framework.