In the last years, nanomedicine has gained a growing attention by the research community, thanks to the small size of the used devices, which allows an easy interaction with cells and biomolecules. For this purpose, in this Master Thesis Mesoporous Silica has a starring role, thanks to its well-known properties like biocompatibility, resistance to biodegradation, and drug uploading capacity. It has been used to produce Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) of 40-50 nm in diameter and showing mesopores with uniform size (2-3 nm) through a template-assisted sol-gel self-assembly process. As MSNs do not have intrinsic imaging properties, their surface has been functionalized with amino-groups (-NH2) in order to be labelled with fluorescent dyes, while the highly porous structure was used to upload the nanoparticles with a therapeutic cargo.