Power-to-Gas impact on the European transmission system

The environmental urgency of reducing the use of energy sources from fossil fuels by encouraging their replacement with renewable ones has led to a series of technological challenges to be faced, due to the uncontrollability of these sources and the difficulty of obtaining an exact forecast of their availability. The current research direction considers the implementation of large-scale energy storage systems as a possible way to handle with these aspects. The work of this thesis, developed within the STORE&GO project framework, proposes the adoption of the Power-to-Gas technology, whose integration into the network has been analysed through two models of simulation of the day-ahead and intraday market, and its consequent impact on the operation of the network. The first part of this study consists in identifying the constraints determining the amount of power of PtG units that can be installed in the network, in terms of cost and CO2 availability. The investments deployed by ENTSO-E, i.e., the association of European Transmission System Operator, have been catalogued on the basis of the criteria of compatibility with the clustered grid analysed. Consequently, increasing percentages of the budget reserved for the enhancement of the grid have been allocated to the integration of PtG technology to create several PtG penetration scenarios. The script of the DAM model was speeded up, through the implementation of a genetic algorithm, to allow the analysis of the network operation on four different years: 2017, 2025, 2030 and 2040. The positive impact of the PtG technology on the network operation has been obtained from the simulations data.