Climate change is an issue that can no longer be overlooked, representing one of the most critical emergencies of our time, due to the higher amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The transportation sector has a significant role in the production of GHG. New legislations require a reduction of greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. Therefore, internal combustion engines must face challenges but also opportunities for innovation, especially through the adoption of alternative low-carbon fuels. Methane is considered one of the most promising fuels for heavy-duty engines, due to its high octane number and higher thermal efficiency compared to gasoline. However, the sole adoption of methane is not sufficient to be compliant with the more stringent regulations.