The increasing awareness of climate change, resource scarcity, and regulatory pressure has transformed sustainability into a strategic imperative, especially in highly regulated sectors such as the pharmaceutical industry. This thesis investigates the role of the Sustainability Roadmap as a driver of environmental transformation, with a specific focus on the integration of Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) to evaluate risks and opportunities in sustainable innovation. The case study analyzed is PharmaComp, a multinational pharmaceutical group that has developed a structured roadmap to achieve ambitious climate targets: a 51% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 compared to 2023 levels and carbon neutrality by 2030 through a mix of internal abatement projects and offsetting.