Analysis of Battery Energy Storage Systems and Preliminary Design Based on Insights from Real Case Studies by Iren S.p.A

Originally conceived as a support tool for renewable energy sources, storage systems have evolved into a versatile and valuable technology with applications across a wide range of energy environments. This work begins by introducing the concept of energy storage systems, outlining their various functions and roles within modern energy infrastructures. The main focus will be on Battery Energy Storage Systems(BESS) and the manifold applications developing in recent years. After discussing the future role of BESSs in frequency regulation and what that regulation actually comprehends, the focus will move on exploring real-word implementations carried out by the energy company Iren in the piedmont and lombardy region. There will be presented two particular storage systems: one implemented at the Turbigo facility and one installed at Moncalieri facility, which I had the opportunity to visit. Both of the BESSs are entrusted with many roles in support to the thermoelectric power plants that models their structure and managment. Building on the insights gathered, the final aim of this thesis is to propose, even at a conceptual level, the design of an additional storage system for the Turbigo thermoelectric power plant. The BESS proposed is suppose to unite with the storage system already installed with the intention to assist in frequency and voltage regulation at the facility, as well as possibly helping with the startup of the plant. The design process will consider components from battery stacks to the transformer, ideally following the technical standards of a preliminary engineering design, and will culminate in the development of a unified schematic for the proposed system presented using the software INTEGRA. This program is already utilized by the clients to design other electrical diagrams and structures, so the hope is to summit a work usable in the developing and installation of the BESS, in order to facilitate the work of the future assigned engineers on the project.