As the world remains heavily reliant on fossil fuels as its primary energy source, a deepening concern has emerged regarding the release of human-generated carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. These emissions contribute significantly to the ongoing challenge of global warming. An extensively recognized approach to address the challenge of carbon dioxide emissions is the capture and underground storage of carbon within geological formations. This method entails the extraction of carbon dioxide from various sources and its secure sequestration underground, thereby preventing its release into the atmosphere. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) offers the potential to continue utilizing fossil fuels while concurrently reducing CO2 emissions by a substantial margin, up to 20%.