The continuous evolution of automotive braking systems is driving the demand for more efficient, reliable, and high-performance solutions. In this context, Brake-by-Wire (BbW) technology represents a major step forward, replacing traditional hydraulic braking with electromechanical actuators. This transition enhances system responsiveness, increases modularity, and facilitates integration with advanced vehicle control systems. A crucial aspect of BbW systems is selecting the most suitable electric motor to drive the braking mechanism. This thesis, developed in collaboration with Brembo N.V., a global leader in automotive braking systems, focuses on the design, optimization, and comparative evaluation of three different types of electric machines for high-performance BbW applications: Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) motors, Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) V-type motors, and Synchronous Reluctance (SynRel) motors.