DPP approach to solve current mismatch issue in hybrid PV-TE energy harvesting system for low power applications.

This report addresses the electrical optimization of series-connected hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric (PV-TE) energy harvesting systems in small-scale applications. The integration of photovoltaics (PV) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) technologies enhances overall energy efficiency by harnessing both sunlight and waste heat. However, the inherent differences in electrical characteristics between PV cell (PVC) and TEG pose challenges in achieving the maximum power point (MPP) for the hybrid system. This report reviews Differential Power Processing (DPP) architectures, DC-DC converter topologies, and Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms to identify the most suitable solutions for small-scale hybrid PV-TE systems connected in series. This report also outlines a proposed solution for optimizing a hybrid PV-TE energy harvesting system by integrating DPP architecture, suitable converter topologies, and MPPT techniques. Simulation results validate that a controlled current source (CCS) follows the principle of DPP approach and enhances system efficiency, especially at higher irradiance levels, by mitigating current mismatches and optimizing performance.