Modeling Renewable Energy Communities in Italy: performance, economics and geographic optimization

This thesis aims to explore Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) from multiple perspectives, including technical, regulatory, economic, and performance aspects. The main objective is to develop an accurate simulation model that reflects how RECs function within the Italian context, particularly focusing on the integration of renewable energy technologies and their potential in different regions. To achieve this, the study is divided into several key components: 1.??Energy Production Profiles: Using simulation tools like PVsyst, PVGIS, and GWA, the thesis generates detailed hourly energy production profiles for three major renewable sources—solar photovoltaic (PV), wind, and hydroelectric power. These profiles are based on varying geographic conditions in Italy's North, Central, South, and Island regions. 2.??Consumption Data Analysis: The analysis incorporates real consumption data, especially from energy-intensive industrial entities (PMIs), provided by Altea Green Power SpA. These consumption profiles will be examined as part of case studies, where industrial users may participate as either energy prosumers or consumers within RECs. 3.??Economic and Performance Evaluation: The data collected is processed through a custom-built Excel model, meticulously designed to evaluate RECs’ energy performance and economic viability. This model calculates both virtual and actual self-consumption percentages, and simulates scenarios where various configurations of renewable technologies and industrial users are tested. Key metrics include energy self-consumption levels, the payback period (PBT) for investments in renewable energy, and the potential for industrial SMEs to benefit from RECs. Finally, the thesis provides a comparative analysis of the economic and geographic factors that influence the success of RECs in Italy, identifying both the strengths and limitations of this emerging energy-sharing model. The study offers valuable insights for decision-makers and stakeholders, aiming to demonstrate how renewable energy communities can significantly contribute to Italy's energy transition while addressing economic concerns and regulatory compliance.