Analyzing the Market Potential and Consumer Acceptance of Heat Pump Technology in the Italian Residential Sector: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainable Energy Transition

Italy, like many other nations, is dedicated to achieving its sustainability goals as outlined in various national and international agreements. With the residential sector being a major contributor to energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, there is a pressing need for sustainable heating solutions. Heat pump technology presents a promising alternative to traditional heating systems by utilizing renewable energy sources such as air, water, or ground heat to provide efficient heating and cooling. The Italian heat pump market shows significant potential for both qualitative and quantitative improvements. This study investigates the market potential and consumer acceptance of heat pump technology in the Italian residential sector. The analysis reveals that the market, primarily dominated by reversible air-source heat pumps (ASHPs), is growing, with significant potential for both heating and cooling applications, particularly in central and southern Italy. Key factors influencing consumer acceptance include awareness of heat pump benefits, initial installation costs, perceived reliability, and environmental concerns. Financial incentives and subsidies are crucial in promoting adoption. While heat pump is a low-emission solution for residential buildings, financial barriers often hamper its diffusion. The study highlights the importance of supportive policies, consumer education, and technological innovation in overcoming these barriers. The transition to heat pump technology offers substantial environmental and economic benefits, contributing to CO2 emissions reduction and energy efficiency. Future research should focus on adoption studies, integration with other renewable systems, and the social and behavioral aspects of energy consumption to enhance consumer engagement and optimize energy efficiency in residential buildings. This shift represents a critical step in Italy's sustainable energy transition, advancing efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve energy security.