Modeling and simulations of an active mechanism driven by shape memory alloys in the context of an urban mobility project.

One particularly attractive solution in automotive industry, where lightweight materials play an increasingly dominant role, is the utilization of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuation technology, renowned for its ability to achieve a remarkably high power-to-weight ratio, especially suited for compact and lightweight actuators. For these reasons, this study will first introduce the complex behavior and remarkable properties of shape memory alloys (SMAs). Recognizing the importance of having a mathematical model to implement a control algorithm that can enhance the performance of these materials, a comprehensive overview of existing models and control strategies for SMAs will be provided. Next, various application sectors of SMAs will be explored, with a particular focus on the automotive industry. This will include an overview of both established technologies and those still in the research phase. Additionally, potential applications of SMAs within the context of the UmU project will be presented. Finally, a simple case study of an SMA actuator will be examined in detail. This will involve identifying material parameters for the chosen model, constructing a mathematical model of the material, developing the mechanism design, building a dynamic model of the system, and performing several simulations. Potential future developments of this work will be discussed in the conclusions.