The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct a literature review in the field of the construction industry with regard to the sustainable management of materials and processes. The construction industry is vital to economic growth and infrastructure development. By investigating the inefficiencies within the industry, it is possible to address a pressing issue that affects multiple sectors. Through a comprehensive review it has also been possible to identify the key areas that hold the potential for the introduction and implementation of approaches aimed at optimising the overall efficiency of the industry, while at the same time reducing its environmental footprint.