Geothermal energy extraction from sedimentary basins in Mediterranean and Caspian areas

There are geothermal resources beneath the earth's surface that have the potential to contribute significantly to world energy demand while also being environmentally beneficial. Although it appears to be an infinite resource, it has the potential to replace other energy sources if properly managed. The introduction of abandoned petroleum wells is of relevance because one of the industry's primary challenges is the high capital expenditures of drilling geothermal wells. This thesis provides by retrofitting a double pipe heat exchanger in an abandoned petroleum well, we hope to examine the potential amounts of heat collected from under the surface. The case study shows how working fluid characteristics, wellbore architecture, and operational factors (circulation rate, intake temperature, etc.) all play a role in geothermal energy production. The resulting information can be utilized to improve data interpretation and develop more optimal solutions. For the economic aspect and the performance of wells in geothermal projects, detailed knowledge of heat transport is critical. Our research shows that providing cost-effective ways to improve heat extraction from geothermal wells is a solid strategy.