Planning of renewable sources and application case in Sri Lanka

Climate change is a serious problem for humanity. The main causes of these changes are the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To limit these problems, it is necessary to abandon the use of fossil fuels and use a system based on renewable sources. This thesis work focused on energy planning. Through planning, it is possible to evaluate different scenarios in the energy field, such as the installation of renewable source generators, analyzing their constraints and potential, always paying attention to the profitability of the investment. In this work the photovoltaic and wind generators and the electrochemical storage system were analysed. The planning analysis was applied to the Sri Lankan case study. The first part analysed the country's energy context and identified some suitable sites for the installation of photovoltaic and wind generators. In this analysis the constraints of a territorial nature and the availability of resources in the territory were considered. In this work, attention was also paid to the energy policies used in different states to boost the installation of renewable source systems with particular focus on the case of Sri Lanka, analyzing the commonalities and differences with different incentive schemes used in other Countries. The study aims to evaluate different scenarios in energy and economic terms. To perform this analysis it is necessary to have the climatic data of the analysed site, in particular the data referring to the ambient temperature, irradiance and mean wind speed. It is also necessary to have the data referring to the electrical load. Having these data available, it is possible to introduce calculation models that allow to model the operating principle and to obtain estimates on the productivity of the systems. Through this system, it is possible to perform economic and energy analysis. In particular, the sizing of the generators was carried out in order to identify the optimal size to satisfy the electrical load. Estimates have been made on the power that can be installed and the number of generators expected. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was carried out in order to analyse new possible scenarios based on future forecasts. In this way, it is possible to find advantageous solutions to the installation of renewable source systems, by modifying one or more parameters of the model and analyzing the changes on the project, in order to identify useful strategies for the improvement and implementation of these projects.