The awareness matured in recent years towards the necessity of climate change mitigation is leading to a change in priorities across all the sectors of the economy, especially in industrial production and power generation. The current paradigm in place for the solution of the problem is to abate greenhouse gases emissions. Nonetheless, from a social and economic perspective, a sharp transition could bring non-negligible issues in terms of energy reliability and affordability. In this context, the relevance of computer-aided techniques, such as energy system models, plays a crucial role. The goal behind energy system models is to provide a set of least-cost solutions for the development of the technology mix to achieve prescribed environmental targets, such as CO2 emission reduction.